1543

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1543 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1543
MDXLIII
Ab urbe condita2296
Armenian calendar992
ԹՎ ՋՂԲ
Assyrian calendar6293
Balinese saka calendar1464–1465
Bengali calendar950
Berber calendar2493
English Regnal year34 Hen. 8 – 35 Hen. 8
Buddhist calendar2087
Burmese calendar905
Byzantine calendar7051–7052
Chinese calendar壬寅年 (Water Tiger)
4240 or 4033
    — to —
癸卯年 (Water Rabbit)
4241 or 4034
Coptic calendar1259–1260
Discordian calendar2709
Ethiopian calendar1535–1536
Hebrew calendar5303–5304
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1599–1600
 - Shaka Samvat1464–1465
 - Kali Yuga4643–4644
Holocene calendar11543
Igbo calendar543–544
Iranian calendar921–922
Islamic calendar949–950
Japanese calendarTenbun 12
(天文１２年)
Javanese calendar1461–1462
Julian calendar1543
MDXLIII
Korean calendar3876
Minguo calendar369 before ROC
民前369年
Nanakshahi calendar75
Thai solar calendar2085–2086
Tibetan calendar阳水虎年
(male Water-Tiger)
1669 or 1288 or 516
    — to —
阴水兔年
(female Water-Rabbit)
1670 or 1289 or 517
May: Nicolaus Copernicus.

Year 1543 (MDXLIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. It is one of the years sometimes referred to as an "Annus mirabilis" because of its significant publications in science, considered the start of the Scientific Revolution.

Events[edit]

January–March[edit]

  • March 15 – James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran, is elected by the Scottish Parliament as the Regent for the infant Mary Queen of Scots.
  • March 18 – As flooding of the Mississippi continues De la Vega notes that "on the eighteenth of March, 1543, while the Spaniards.. were making a procession in honor of Our Redeemer's entrance into Jerusalem, the river entered the gates of the little village of Aminoya in the wildness and fury of its flood, and two days later on ecould not pass through the streets except in canoes."[6]
  • March 20 – King Gustav of Sweden leads troops in troops crushing Dacke's Rebellion, led by Swedish peasant Nils Dacke, with defeat coming at the Battle of Hjortensjon.[7]
  • March 21 – In Nuremberg, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres) is printed [8] during the illness of Nicholas Copernicus, offering mathematical arguments for the existence of the heliocentric universe, denying the geocentric model. According to legend, Copernicus, who had a stroke in December, is presented a copy of the book on his deathbed shortly before passing away on [May 24]] in Frombork at the age of 70.

April–June[edit]

July–December[edit]

  • July 1 – The Treaty of Greenwich is signed between representatives of the Kingdoms of England and Scotland as part of a plan to eventually unify the two nations under one monarch. As part of the treaty, the two nations agree to avoid war during the reign of King Henry VIII in England or Mary, Queen of Scots in Scotland and for another year after both are gone. The second part of the Treaty provides that Mary, Queen of Scots (six months old at the time) will eventually become the wife of Crown Prince Edward (then 5 years old), son of King Henry VIII. The Scottish Parliament repudiates the treaty five months later.[2]
  • July 12 – King Henry VIII of England marries Catherine Parr. It is Henry's sixth and last marriage and Catherine's third.[12] Princess Elizabeth attends the wedding. This month, the Parliament of England passes the Third Succession Act, restoring the Princesses Mary and Elizabeth I of England, Henry's daughters, to the line of succession to the English throne.
  • July 25–
  • August 6– The Siege of Nice by the Ottoman Empire and French forces (under the Franco-Ottoman alliance), led by Admiral Hayreddin Barbarossa, begins. At the time, the city is under the control of the Duchy of Savoy and is defended by the Savoyards, assisted by the Habsburg armies of Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. The siege lasts for 16 days.
  • August 10 – Esztergom surrenders to the Ottomans led by Suleiman the Magnificent.[13]
  • August 22 – The city of Nice is captured by the Ottomans and Barbarossa after a long bombardment. The Ottomans pillage the city and take away 2,500 captives to be sold into slavery.
  • August 25 – The first Europeans arrive in Japan and introduce firearms to the Asian monarchy, as the Chinese pirate Wang Zhi escorts Portuguese traders to in Tanegashima island in southern Kyushu. The first European visitors include António Mota, António Peixoto, Francisco Zeimoto, andy Fernão Mendes Pinto.[14]
  • September 9 – Mary Stuart is crowned the Queen of Scots in Stirling at the age of nine months old.[15]
  • September–October – Landrecies in Picardy is besieged by forces under Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, but the siege is withdrawn on the approach of the French army.
  • September – Campaign of Suleiman: Suleiman the Magnificent captures the Hungarian coronation city of Székesfehérvár.[13] The city will be occupied by the Ottoman Empire for 145 years.
  • December 7 – 11 waxing of Natdaw 905 ME, the land and naval forces of the Confederation of Shan States (consisting of the principalities of Mohnyin, Mogaung, Bhamo, Momeik, and Kale), led by Prince Sawlon of Mohnyin and King Hkonmaing, depart from the Shan capital, Awa, to start an invasion of the Toungoo Empire in upper Myanmar. The invaders easily overrun Toungoo and its capital at Prome a week later.Royal Historical Commission of Burma (1832). Hmannan Yazawin (in Burmese). Vol. 1 (2003 ed.). Yangon: Ministry of Information, Myanmar.
  • December 11 – The Parliament of Scotland votes against ratifying the Treaty of Greenwich that had been signed with England on July 1.[2]
  • [[December 20] – The Eight Years War, also called the "War of Rough Wooing", begins as Scotland's Parliament votes to declare war on the Kingdom of England."Arran, Earls of", in Encyclopædia Britannica, ed. by Hugh Chisholm (11th ed., Volume 2) (Cambridge University Press, 1911) pp. 642–644.

Date unknown[edit]

Births[edit]

Tokugawa Ieyasu

Deaths[edit]

Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo
Nicolaus Copernicus
Hans Holbein the Younger
Gian Matteo Giberti

References[edit]

  1. ^ Andrea Thomas, Princelie Majestie (John Donald, 2005) pp. 12–15
  2. ^ a b c d Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 147–150. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
  3. ^ Stewart, John (1989). African States and Rulers. London: McFarland. ISBN 0-89950-390-X.
  4. ^ Abun-Nasr, Jamil (1987). A history of the Maghrib in the Islamic period. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 149–157. ISBN 0521337674.
  5. ^ Ned Randolph, Muddy Thinking in the Mississippi River Delta: A Call for Reclamation (University of California Press, 2024) pp.22-23
  6. ^ Garcilaso de la Vega, The Florida of the Inca (1560) translated by John and Jeannette Varner, (University of Texas Press, 1951) p.554
  7. ^ "Hjortensjon I", in Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: A Guide to 8,500 Battles from Antiquity Through the Twenty-first Century, ed. by Tony Jaques (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2006) p.450
  8. ^ Karol Górski, Mikołaj Kopernik: Środowisko społeczne i samotność (Nicolaus Copernicus: Social Environment and Loneliness) (Toruń: Mikloaj Kopernik University Press, 2012) p.251 Template:ISBN 978-83-231-2777-2
  9. ^ Turnbull, Stephen R. (2003). The Ottoman Empire, 1326–1699. Osprey Publishing Ltd. pp. 50–52. ISBN 978-0-415-96913-0.
  10. ^ Nevio and Annio Maria Matteimi The Republic of San Marino: Historical and Artistic Guide to the City and the Castles (Azienda Tipografica Editoriale, 1981) p.23
  11. ^ M. H. Spielmann, The Iconography of Andreas Vesalius (André Vésale), Anatomist and Physician, 1514-1564 (John Bale, Sons & Danielsson Ltd., 1925) p.1
  12. ^ Ian Lancashire (August 2, 1984). Dramatic Texts and Records of Britain: A Chronological Topography to 1558. Cambridge University Press. p. 378. ISBN 978-0-521-26295-8.
  13. ^ a b c Bartl, Július (2002). "1543". Slovak history: chronology & lexicon. Bolchazy-Carducci. p. 59. ISBN 9780865164444. Retrieved February 11, 2013.
  14. ^ Noel Perrin "Giving up the gun", p.7 ISBN 978-0-87923-773-8
  15. ^ Lucinda H. S. Dean, 'Crowning the Child', Sean McGlynn & Elena Woodacre, The Image and Perception of Monarchy in Medieval and Early Modern Europe (Newcastle, 2014), pp. 254-80.
  16. ^ Books from Finland. Publishers' Association of Finland. 1992. p. 180.
  17. ^ Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Italy: Liguria". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
  18. ^ The New Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 1998. p. 721. ISBN 978-0-85229-663-9.
  19. ^ O'Day, Rosemary (July 26, 2012). The Routledge Companion to the Tudor Age. Routledge. p. 1585. ISBN 978-1-136-96253-0.
  20. ^ Paul F. Grendler (1999). Encyclopedia of the Renaissance: Class-Furió Ceriol. Scribner's published. p. 83. ISBN 978-0-684-80509-2.
  21. ^ George Edward Cokayne (1912). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom: Bass to Canning. St. Catherine Press, Limited. p. 146.
  22. ^ Norbert Wolf (2004). Hans Holbein the Younger, 1497/98-1543: The German Raphael. Taschen. p. 95. ISBN 978-3-8228-3167-0.
  23. ^ Giorgio Vasari. Lives of the Most Eminent Painters Sculptors and Architects. Vol. 5 (of 10) Andrea da Fiesole to Lorenzo Lotto. Project Gutenberg.
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